实验室及功能间常用英文术语整理了实验室和各个功能间的中英文对照。包括如下几个部分内容:
一、容器与耗材(vessel & consumable material)
二、实验操作(manipulation)
三、仪器(apparatus)
四、化学试剂(reagent)
五、实验室各个功能间名称
一.容器与耗材(vessel & consumable material)
小瓶vial
量杯measuring cup
烧杯beaker
量筒measuring flask/measuring cylinderer 坩埚crucible
坩埚钳crucible clamp
试管test tube
漏斗funnel
比色皿cuvette
鱼缸aquarium
烧瓶flask
锥形瓶conical flask
塞子stopper/plug
洗瓶plastic wash bottle
玻璃活塞stopcock
试剂瓶reagent bottles
玻棒glass rod
搅拌棒stirring rod
容量瓶volumetric flask/measuring flask 移液管(one-mark) pipette
吸液管pipette
滤器filter
滤纸filter paper
培养皿culture dish
移液枪pipette
移液枪枪头pipette tips
剃刀刀片razor blade 手术刀scalpel
垃圾袋disposable bag
垃圾桶garbage bin
橡皮筋rubber band
托盘Tray
铝箔aluminium foil
洗耳球rubber suction bulb
保鲜膜preservative film
研磨钵mortar
研杵pestle
小滴管dropper
蒸馏装置distilling apparatus
桶bucket
广口瓶wide-mouth bottle
离心机转子rotor
试管架test tube holder/rack
酒精灯alcohol burner
酒精喷灯blast alcohol burner
搅拌装置stirring device
石蜡封口膜Parafilm
微量离心管(EP管)Eppendorf tube 载玻片Slide
盖玻片Cover glass
离心管Centrifuge tube
电泳槽Gel tank
电线Electrical leads
牙签Toothpick
二.实验操作(manipulation):
丢弃discard
转移容器decant
吸出aspirate
吹吸blowing and suction
离心收集pellet
重悬resuspend
絮状沉淀flocculent precipitate 浑浊的turbid
烘bake
灭菌sterilize 均质化homogenize
分装aliquot
培养foster
通风ventilate
冷却chill down
稀释dilute
洗脱elute
孵育incubate
超声破碎ultrasonication 淬灭quench
三.仪器(apparatus)
恒温循环仪Thermostatic circulator
空调机Air conditioner
pH计pH meter
照度计(测量荧光素酶酶活) luminometer 磁力搅拌器magnetic stirrer
烘箱oven
微波炉microwave oven
电磁炉electromagnetic oven
凝胶系统Gel system
电子天平Electronic balance
转接器Adapter
离心机centrifuge
盖子lid/ cap
封口设备Sealing equipment
复印机Duplicator, copying machine 超净工作台super clean bench
通风橱fume cupboard
药柜Cupboard
高压蒸汽灭菌器autoclave
电泳电源Electrophoresis power supply 紫外灯Ultraviolet illumination
真空泵Vacuum pump
天平balance/scale
分析天平analytical balance
台秤platform balance
涡旋振荡器Vortexing machine
CO2培养箱CO2 Incubators
电子显微镜Electro Microscopy
电泳仪Electrophoresis System
恒流泵constant flow pump
四.化学试剂(reagent)
1、氨基酸
丙氨酸alanine (Ala, A)
缬氨酸valine (Val, V)
亮氨酸leucine (Leu, L)
异亮氨酸isoleucine (Ile,I)
脯氨酸proline (Pro, P)
苯丙氨酸phenylalanine (Phe, F)色氨酸tryptophan (Trp, W)
蛋氨酸methionine (Met, M)
甘氨酸glycine (Gly, G)
丝氨酸serine (Ser, S)
苏氨酸threonine (Thr, T)
半胱氨酸cysteine (Cys, C)
酪氨酸tyrosine (Tyr, Y)
天冬氨酸asparagines (Asn, N) 谷氨酰胺glutamine (Gln, Q)赖氨酸lysine (Lys, K)
精氨酸arginine (Arg, R)
组氨酸histidine (His, H)
天冬氨酸aspartic acid (Asp, D) 谷氨酸glutamic acid (Glu, E) 2、核苷酸
腺苷adenosine
鸟嘌呤核苷guanosine
胞苷cytidine 胸腺嘧啶脱氧核苷thymidine
尿嘧啶核苷uridine
脱氧deoxy-
3、其他化学试剂
二甲苯Xylene
冰乙酸Acetic acid glacial
硼酸Boric acid
氯化钙Calcium chloride
巯基乙醇mercaptoethanol
咪唑Imidazole
盐酸胍guanidine hydrochloride
无水乙醇absolute ethanol
乙酸钠Sodium acetate
氯化钠Sodium chloride
生理盐水physiological saline
洗涤剂detergent
十二烷基磺酸钠Sodium dodecyl sulphate 盐酸hydrochloric acid
氢氧化钠sodium hydrate/hydroxide
胰蛋白胨Tryptone
酵母提取物yeast extract
琼脂Agar
甘油glycerin
内毒素endotoxin
两性霉素amphotericin